{"id":2596,"date":"2023-07-04T10:35:53","date_gmt":"2023-07-04T14:35:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/herpescureadvocacy.com\/?page_id=2596"},"modified":"2023-07-04T10:37:36","modified_gmt":"2023-07-04T14:37:36","slug":"genital-herpes-and-hiv-aids-related-epidemics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/herpescureadvocacy.com\/genital-herpes-and-hiv-aids-related-epidemics\/","title":{"rendered":"Genital Herpes and HIV\/AIDS: Related Epidemics"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Genital herpes infection is widely recognized as a driver of the HIV\/AIDS epidemic. <\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Yet little has been done to integrate HSV treatment into the global fight to end HIV\/AIDS.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\n

According to World Health Organization: <\/strong>HSV-2 has been shown to increase the risk of HIV acquisition and transmission, which is especially important in populations with a high prevalence of HIV. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

– World Health Organization Preferred Product Characteristics for HSV<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Epidemiological studies have identified a strong and consistent synergistic relationship between HIV and HSV-2 infections (1, 2). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The risk of HIV acquisition is approximately tripled<\/strong> in the presence of prevalent HSV-2 infection, and five times higher for those with incident HSV-2 infection (3). The increased risk could be mediated by at least two possible mechanisms (4): first, HSV-2 infection and reactivation stimulate infiltration into the genital mucosa of immune cells expressing receptors for HIV (CD4+ T cells and DC-SIGN+ dendritic cells) (5, 6). Second, HSV-associated breaks in the skin and genital mucosa, including microscopic ulcerations, provide a more effective portal of entry for HIV. (7)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is challenging to estimate precisely how HSV-2- associated increased HIV acquisition risk translates into the number of HIV infections that could be averted if HSV-2 infections were prevented; however, according to existing modelling studies, HSV-2 infection might account
for 30\u201350% <\/strong>of new HIV infections in some populations that have high HIV prevalence (8,9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. Barnabas RV, Celum C. Infectious co-factors in HIV-1 transmission. Herpes simplex virus type-2 and HIV-1: new insights and interventions<\/a>. Curr HIV Res. 2012;10:228\u201337. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Bradley J, Floyd S, Piwowar-Manning E, Laeyendecker O, Young A, Bell-Mandla N et al. Sexually transmitted bedfellows: exquisite association between HIV and herpes simplex virus type 2 in 21 communities in southern Africa in the HIV Prevention Trials Network<\/a> 071 (PopART) study. J Infect Dis. 2018;218:443\u201352. doi:10.1093\/infdis\/jiy178. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Looker KJ, Elmes JAR, Gottlieb SL, Schiffer JT, Vickerman P, Turner KME et al. Effect of HSV-2 infection on subsequent HIV acquisition: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis<\/a>. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017. doi:10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30405-X. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Rebbapragada A, Wachihi C, Pettengell C, Sunderji S, Huibner S, Jaoko W et al. Negative mucosal synergy between herpes simplex type 2 and HIV in the female genital tract.<\/a> AIDS. 2007;21:589\u201398. doi:10.1097\/QAD.0b013e328012b896. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Zhu J, Hladik F, Woodward A, Klock A, Peng T, Johnston C et al. Persistence of HIV-1 receptor-positive cells after HSV-2 reactivation is a potential mechanism for increased HIV-1 acquisition.<\/a> Nat Med. 2009;15:886\u201392. doi:10.1038\/nm.2006. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. Johnson KE, Redd AD, Quinn TC, Collinson-Streng AN, Cornish T, Kong X et al. Effects of HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 infection on lymphocyte and dendritic cell density in adult foreskins from Rakai, Uganda.<\/a> J Infect Dis. 2011;203:602\u20139.doi:10.1093\/infdis\/jiq091. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Celum C, Levine R, Weaver M, Wald A. Genital herpes and human immunodeficiency virus: double trouble. <\/a>Bull World Health Organ. 2004;82:447\u201353. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. Freeman EE, Orroth KK, White RG, Glynn JR, Bakker R, Boily M-C et al. Proportion of new HIV infections attributable to herpessimplex 2 increases over time: simulations of the changing role of sexually transmitted infections in sub-Saharan African HIV epidemics.<\/a> Sex Transm Infect. 2007;83 Suppl 1:i17-24. doi:10.1136\/sti.2006.023549. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. Masese L, Baeten JM, Richardson BA, Bukusi E, John-Stewart G, Graham SM et al. Changes in the contribution of genitaltract infections to HIV acquisition among Kenyan high-risk women from 1993 to 2012.<\/a> AIDS. 2015;29:1077\u201385. doi:10.1097\/ QAD.0000000000000646.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Relevant Studies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The effects of herpes simplex virus-2 on HIV-1 acquisition and transmission: a review of two overlapping epidemics<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Global and regional estimates of the contribution of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection to HIV incidence: a population attributable fraction analysis using published epidemiological data<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Persistence of HIV-1 receptor\u2013positive cells after HSV-2 reactivation is a potential mechanism for increased HIV-1 acquisition<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proportion of new HIV infections attributable to herpes simplex 2 increases over time: simulations of the changing role of sexually transmitted infections in sub-Saharan African HIV epidemics<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n
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\n
Give Today and Join the Fight \u2192<\/a><\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n

Every donation \u2013 whether $10 or $10,000 \u2013 moves us closer to a world where herpes is effectively treated and free from stigma.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Questions about giving?<\/strong>\u00a0Contact us at\u00a0info@herpescureadvocacy.com<\/a>\u00a0or 302-307-3560.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Genital herpes infection is widely recognized as a driver of the HIV\/AIDS epidemic. Yet little has been done to integrate HSV treatment into the global fight to end HIV\/AIDS. AccordingContinue reading “Genital Herpes and HIV\/AIDS: Related Epidemics”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":205069572,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2596","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nGenital Herpes and HIV\/AIDS: Related Epidemics - Herpes Cure Advocacy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/herpescureadvocacy.com\/genital-herpes-and-hiv-aids-related-epidemics\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Genital Herpes and HIV\/AIDS: Related Epidemics - Herpes Cure Advocacy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Genital herpes infection is widely recognized as a driver of the HIV\/AIDS epidemic. 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What is herpes? Herpes is a common infection caused by two related viruses: Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2). HSV-1 usually causes cold sores around the mouth, while HSV-2 usually causes sores in the genital area. After a person gets\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":5344,"url":"https:\/\/herpescureadvocacy.com\/recorded-talks\/","url_meta":{"origin":2596,"position":5},"title":"Recordings of Past Educational Talks","author":"Patient Advocate","date":"January 13, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Herpes Cure Advocacy mission is to provide educational programs for patients and professionals. Learn more about our mission to advance the cure, treatment and prevention of HSV here. 2026 Talks 4\/9\/26 Genital Herpes Vaccine Development: One Lab's Approach with Dr. Harvey Friedman, MD 3\/5\/26 How Clinicians and Patients talk about\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/herpescureadvocacy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2596","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/herpescureadvocacy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/herpescureadvocacy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/herpescureadvocacy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/205069572"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/herpescureadvocacy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2596"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/herpescureadvocacy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2596\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2613,"href":"https:\/\/herpescureadvocacy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2596\/revisions\/2613"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/herpescureadvocacy.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}